Balance - As a design principle, balance places the parts of a visual in an aesthetically pleasing arrangement. There are 3 main types of balance, horizontal, vertical and radial. In this image, balance is formal because both sides are symmetrical in terms of arrangement.

Colour - Colour is the visible spectrum of radiation reflected from an object. Hue, brightness and saturation are all used with each other in this photo to enhance the colour as much as possible.

Contrast - Contrast refers to differences in values, colours, textures, shapes and other elements.  Creates visual excitement and adds interest to the work. Different colours against each other make them stand out more and look contrasted.

Emphasis - Emphasis is used to create dominance and focus in designs. Colour, value, shapes or other elements are used to achieve emphasis. The ball is the main focus of the photo and is emphasised against the sky.

Form - Form is a defined volume of space and is three-dimensional. The string balls are grouped together to pop out and grab your attention.  

Harmony - Harmony means all parts of the image relate to and compliment each other. Certain patterns or shapes can help achieve harmony and in this picture the guitars are similarly shaped and are next to each other.

Line - Line is a visual element of length and can be created by connecting one point to another. Line defines the position and direction of a design. The hand railing guides your eye up along the stairs to create perspective.

Movement - Movement is using elements to distract a viewer's eye along a path through the artwork, and/or to show movement, action and direction. The falling water has been captured while it is moving. 

Pattern – Pattern uses the elements in planned or random repetition and can add visual excitement. The repetitive lines on the roof create a patterned look. 

Repetition - Repetition works with pattern to make the artwork seem active. The repetition of elements of design creates unity within the artwork. The piano keys are all the same and have to be repeated across the whole thing to stay accurate and to play properly. 

Rhythm - Rhythm is the repetition of visual movement of the elements – colours, shapes, lines, values, forms, spaces, and textures. Variety is essential to keep rhythms exciting and active, and to avoid monotony. 

Scale/Proportion - Proportion refers to the relative size and scale of the various elements in a design. The lights closer to the camera appear to be bigger than the lights further away. 

Shape - Shape is an enclosed space defined by a line or by contrast to its surroundings. The blue background makes the net look almost flat and two-dimensional.

Space - Space is the distance or area around elements of an artwork. Areas between design elements is called negative space. The chair against the empty wall creates a lot of negative space around it. 

Texture - Texture is the tactile feel of a surface or how something appears to feel. The tree in this photo appears to be rough and bumpy to touch.

Typography - Typography is the art and technique of arranging text.

Unity - Unity means the harmony of the whole composition. In a design the different elements look as though they belong together and here the bee and the flowers compliment each other. 

Value/Tone - Value is a measure of relative lightness or darkness of a colour or tone of grey. An area's value is its relative lightness or darkness in any given context. The shadow creates colour and darkness together. 

Variety - Variety consists of the differences in objects that add interest to a visual image and can be achieved by using opposites or strong contrasts. Changing the size, point of view, and angle of a single object can add variety and interest to a visual image. The different colours, shapes and sizes of the flowers creates a sense of variety. 

Volume – Volume relates to perception of weight a form or composition carries in a design. The pipe has height, width, and depth which are all elements of volume.